Changes in immune cell subsets in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma tissues from SKH-1 mouse models after aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate immune effects of aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on mouse models of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) .Methods:Ultraviolet-induced SKH-1 hairless mouse models of cSCC were established, and 40 tumor-bearing mice were randomly and equally divided into several groups: control group receiving no treatment, and 7 treatment groups treated with ALA-PDT for 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours, as well as 3 and 7 days respectively. After treatment, these mice were sacrificed at different time points, and skin tissues measuring 5 mm 3 in size were resected. Immunohistochemical study and flow cytometry were performed to detect local infiltration of immune cells in cSCC tissues at different time points, including neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, B cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells. Statistical analysis was done by the two-sample t test using SPSS 16.0 software. Results:The number and proportion of local neutrophils and macrophages showed the most significant increase in mouse cSCC tumors 1 hour after ALA-PDT compared with those before treatment (immunohistochemical results [number of cells per 400 × field]: 61.22 ± 6.65 vs. 22.56 ± 4.13, 59.67 ± 4.30 vs. 21.89 ± 3.26, respectively, both P < 0.05; flow cytometry results: 35.64% ± 15.33% vs. 5.46% ± 2.44%, 12.15% ± 4.86% vs. 1.98% ± 1.49%, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Both immunohistochemical study and flow cytometry showed that the expression of T cells, B cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells significantly increased in cSCC tissues 6 hours after treatment (all P < 0.05) . After reaching the peak, the number and proportion of the above-mentioned cells decreased in cSCC tissues, but were still higher than those before treatment, and the increase continued until the end of this study, that is, day 7 after treatment. Conclusion:ALA-PDT may exert anti-tumor effects by recruiting immune cells, especially neutrophils and macrophages.

Tertiary lymphoid structures in malignant melanoma / 中华皮肤科杂志

Tumor microenvironment is one of the key factors affecting the prognosis of malignant tumors, and tertiary lymphoid structures are a new target for enhancing anti-tumor immunity in the local microenvironment. There are lymphocyte aggregates similar to tertiary lymphoid structures in the skin, suggesting the possibility of their existence in many skin diseases. Previous studies have confirmed the existence of tertiary lymphoid structures in malignant melanoma and their associations with a better prognosis of patients. This review summarizes the progress in skin-associated lymphoid tissues, tertiary lymphoid structures and function in malignant melanoma, and the role of tertiary lymphoid structures in the evaluation of prognosis of patients.

Analysis of clinical and dermoscopic features of lichen planus-like keratosis / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate clinical manifestations and dermoscopic characteristics of lichen planus-like keratosis (LPLK) .Methods:Clinical data were collected from 21 patients with LPLK who visited Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital and underwent both dermoscopic and histopathological examinations from January 2017 to September 2019, and clinical and dermoscopic features were retrospectively analyzed.Results:These patients were aged 64.69 ± 13.29 years, and the ratio of males to females was 1∶2. Skin lesions were located on the face of 18 cases and legs of 3 cases, and were red/violaceous in color in 7 cases, reddish-brown in 5, brown/gray in 8, and brown/reddish in 1. There were 3 types of skin lesions, including plaque-like type in 10 cases, flat pigmented patch type in 6, and flat erythema-like type in 5. As dermoscopy showed, 12 cases were non-pigmented LPLK, and 9 were pigmented LPLK. Pigment granules were found in 13 lesions, and there was no significant difference in the prevalence of pigment granules between pigmented and non-pigmented LPLK ( P=0.07) ; pigment granules were often diffusely distributed (9/13) , and the diffuse distribution pattern was common paticularly in pigmented LPLK (8/9) ; locally distributed pigment granules were found in 4 cases of non-pigmented LPLK. Coarse pigment granules were seen in 10 cases (10/13) , including 8 of pigmented LPLK and 2 of non-pigmented LPLK, and the prevalence rate of coarse pigment granules significantly differed between the pigmented LPLK and non-pigmented LPLK groups ( P=0.002) . Moreover, special distribution patterns of pigment granules included the annular granular pattern (8/13) and peppered pattern (7/13) , and no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of the 2 special distribution patterns between the pigmented LPLK and non-pigmented LPLK groups (both P > 0.05) . Scales were seen in 13 cases (13/21) , and vascular structures in 7 (7/21) , and there was no significant difference in the prevalence of the 2 structures between the pigmented and non-pigmented LPLK groups ( P=0.67, 0.16, respectively) . Conclusions:LPLK mostly occurs on the face, and manifests as solitary red, reddish-brown or brownish-gray plaques or patches, whose surfaces may be covered with scales. The characteristic dermoscopic feature of LPLK is the presence of pigment granules, which are coarse, often diffusely distributed, and commonly observed in pigmented LPLK.

Analysis of pyrazinamide resistance of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Henan Province and its relationship with the mutation of drug resistance-related gene pncA / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To evaluate the performance of the sequencing method of pncA mutations in detecting pyrazinamide (PZA)resistance in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients in Henan Province. Methods:Sputum samples of 152 MDR-TB patients were collected from 10 drug-resistance surveillance areas in Henan Province from January to December 2018. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the information, such as age, gender, treatment history and sputum culture results. The questionnaire and strain samples were sent to Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention for further study. PZA susceptibility test was performed using the liquid medium for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mutations of pncA were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and sequencing, then compared with the sequence of standard strain H37Rv. The association between PZA resistant phenotype and treatment outcomes was also investigated. Chi square test and independent sample t test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among 152 MDR-TB isolates, 105 showed phenotypically PZA resistant. The proportion of PZA resistance in the isolates with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin resistance, pre-extensively drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) were 80.39%(82/102), 81.13%(43/53) and 92.59%(25/27), respectively. One hundred and two isolates had mutations in the pncA gene. Based on the results of the phenotypic drug sensitivity test, the sensitivity of pncA gene mutation detection for PZA resistance was 89.52%(95% confidence interval ( CI) 81.64%-94.39%), and the specificity was 89.36%(95% CI 76.10%-96.01%). These MDR-TB isolates harbored 100 different mutation patterns in the pncA gene, including 80 point mutations and 20 indel mutations, and 13 isolates harbored multiple mutations. Seven strains had mutation in the promoter of pncA, including -7G insertion, -11T to C and -12A to G. The relative expression levels of pncA mRNA in the three groups were 0.21±0.05, 0.31±0.08 and 0.33±0.03, respectively, which were all lower than that of H37Rv(1.00). The differences were statistically significant ( t=4.57, 2.43 and 3.65, respectively, all P<0.05). The difference of the sputum negative conversion rates between patients with PZA-resistant isolates and those with PZA susceptible isolates was statistically significant at different time periods after treatment ( χ2=10.01, P=0.02). The negative conversion rate of PZA-resistant patients at the end of six months of treatment was 1.08%(1/93), and that of PZA-sensitive patients was 7.14%(3/42). Conclusions:The PZA resistance in MDR-TB isolates is associated with pncA mutations, which are scatered and diversified. The sputum negative conversion time of PZA-resistant patients is prolonged.

Analysis of NF1 gene variant in a sporadic case with neurofibromatosis type 1 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a sporadic case with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patient, his unaffected parents and 100 healthy controls. The NF1 gene was detected by PCR and direct sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The patient was found to carry a novel nonsense variant c.4339C>T (p.Q1447X) in exon 33 of the NF1 gene. The same variant was not found in his unaffected parents and the 100 healthy controls.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.4339C>T (p.Q1447X) variant probably underlies the pathogenesis of NF1 in this patient.

Expert consensus on pulmonary rehabilitation nursing of chronic respiratory diseases / 中华护理杂志

Objective To standardize an expert consensus on pulmonary rehabilitation nursing of chronic respiratory diseases. Methods On the basis of literature review, 5 experts were interviewed and 19 experts were consulted to establish the primary and secondary themes. 10 nursing experts in this field were invited to conduct peer review on the draft consensus to modify and improve the consensus content. Results After expert consultations，14 first-level themes and 40 second-level themes were established. The value of Ca (judgment coefficient),Cs (familiarity coefficient) and Cr (authority coefficient) were 0.895,0.839 and 0.867 ,which indicated the expert consultation have high authority and credibility. The Kendall coefficients of first-round expert consultation were 0.121 and 0.151, and they were 0.205 and 0.149 in the second round (P<0.05).In the first-round expert consultation, the coefficients of variation of the first and second themes were 0.197 and 0.200,and in the second round ,they were 0.202 and 0.237. They were all less than 0.25 , indicating that the expert's judgment results were relatively consistent. Conclusion As this consensus was developed based on 19 clinical nursing professionals from across the country, it is scientific and authoritative. This consensus can not only benefit to clinical nursing practice, but also lay the foundation for the development of guideline, and it still needs further theoretical and empirical research verification.

Epidemiological analysis of human brucellosis in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2005 to 2017 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Ordos City from 2005 to 2017 and to provide evidence for prevention and control of the disease.Methods The data (regional distribution,time distribution and population distribution) of human brucellosis were collected and analyzed using the descriptive analysis method in Ordos City from 2005 to 2017.Results A total of 2 789 brucellosis cases were reported in Ordos City from 2005 to 2017 with an average incidence of 12.34/100 000,which was increasing (x2trend =1 588.449,P＜ 0.05).The time of onset concentrated on March to August.Brucellosis occurred in 8 of 9 banners in Ordos City and most of them came from Hanggin Banner and Dalad Banner,which were 39.19％ (1 093/2 789) and 31.37％ (875/2 789),respectively.The majority of cases were in middle-aged people (the 40-59 age group),accounting for 58.30％ (1 626/2 789).The incidence of the male (13.42/100 000) was higher than that of the female (6.65/100 000).The occupation was dominated by farmers and herders,accounting for 61.42％ (1 713/2 789) and 18.11％ (505/2 789),respectively.Conclusions The number of cases of brucellosis in Ordos City is generally on the rise.The age of onset is mainly middle age,males are higher than females,occupations are mostly farmers and herders,and health education for key populations should be strengthened.

Photoacoustic imaging and photoacoustic spectrum analysis in mouse models of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To establish a photoacoustic detection system and data processing methods for skin tumors,and to explore photoacoustic imaging and photoacoustic spectrum in mouse models of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC).Methods A total of 60 healthy specific pathogen-free (SPF) female BALB/C nude mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups to be inoculated with a murine CSCC cell line XL50 and a human CSCC cell line A431 respectively on the right back near the upper limbs,and mouse models of murine CSCC (n =20) and human CSCC (n =20) were successfully established.The 850-nm photoacoustic detection system was applied in the above 2 kinds of mouse models,and photoacoustic imaging and photoacoustic spectrum data were collected.The fitted slope of acoustic power spectrum curves was compared between squamous cell carcinoma tissues and normal skin on the left back of the mouse model.After the photoacoustic detection,tumor tissues and normal skin at the opposite side were excised from the 2 kinds of mouse models,and subjected to histopathological examination.The fitted slope of different tissues was compared by using t test.Results Photoacoustic imaging showed higher photoacoustic signals of hemoglobin in squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with the normal skin tissues.In the model of murine CSCC,the fitted slope of acoustic power spectrum curve was significantly lower in the tumor tissues (-1.827 ± 0.153 1) than in the normal skin tissues (-1.059 ± 0.117 8,t =3.973,P ＜ 0.001).In the model of human CSCC,the fitted slope of acoustic power spectrum curve was also significantly lower in the tumor tissues (-1.537 ± 0.125 5) than in the normal skin tissues (-0.960 ± 0.259 7,t =2.166,P =0.043).Histopathological examination showed that the number of vessels increased in the tumor tissues compared with the normal skin tissues.Conclusion CSCC tissues are different from normal skin tissues in photoacoustic imaging signals and the fitted slope of acoustic power spectrum,which may lay a foundation for non-invasive photoacoustic diagnosis of CSCC.

Analysis of KIT mutations in five patients from two Han Chinese pedigrees affected with Piebaldism / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen for KIT gene mutations in two Han Chinese pedigrees affected with Piebaldism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of the pedigrees was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from the pedigrees and 120 unrelated healthy controls. All coding exons of the KIT gene were subjected to PCR amplification and direct sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two missense mutations, c.1861G>A(p.Ala621Thr) and c.1872G>A(p.Met624Ile), were identified respectively in the two pedigrees. Neither mutation was found among healthy members from the respective pedigree and the 120 unrelated healthy controls. c.1872G>A is a novel mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutations of the KIT gene may affect the structure and function of the transmembrane receptor KIT, which lead to the disease.</p>

Analysis of NF1 gene mutations in two sporadic patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect mutations of the NF1 gene in two sporadic cases with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and explore their molecular mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of the two patients was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. Specific primers were designed to exclude pseudogenes. PCR was performed to amplify all coding exons of the NF1 gene. PCR products were directly sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two novel mutations of the NF1 gene (c.1019-1020delCT in exon 9 and c.7189G to A in exon 48) were respectively identified in the two patients but not among their unaffected parents or 100 healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutations of the NF1 gene may have predisposed to the NF1 in the two patients.</p>

Pareto Chart Analysis of Unreasonable Factors of Prescription in Outpatient and Emergency Departments of Our Hospital during 2013-2015 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the current situation of unreasonable prescriptions in outpatient and emergency depart-ments of our hospital,and to provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:The evaluation of outpatient and emergency prescriptions in our hospital during 2013-2015 were summarized and analyzed. Irrational prescriptions were divided into 3 categories,involving 19 items. The main,secondary and general factors of irrational prescriptions were analyzed by Pareto chart. RESULTS:Among 19 types of irrational prescriptions,main factors included unsuitable drug selection,inappropriate usage and dosage,inappropriate drug combination,prescribing not in accordance with the antibiotics management regulations,incomplete di-agnosis. No indications of medication,drug dosage beyond the regulations ofthree urgent seven slowwere treated as the second-ary factors. Other 12 items were general factors. CONCLUSIONS:According to the main and secondary irrational drug use types, clinical pharmacists should carry out effective intervention and pharmaceutical care to improve the level of rational drug use and en-sure the safety of clinical drug use.

Plum-blossom needle tapping enhances the efficacy of topical imiquimod immunotherapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in SKH-1 mice / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To assess the therapeutic effect of plum-blossom needle tapping combined with topical imiquimod immunotherapy on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in SKH-1 mice,and to explore the immunological mechanism.Methods A total of 40 SKH-1 mice with ultraviolet light-induced cutaneous SCC were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups:control group receiving no treatment,plum-blossom needle group receiving plum-blossom needle tapping on all the tumors once a day,imiquimod group topically treated with imiquimod 5％ cream at a dose of 1.2 g/kg once a day,combination group firstly treated with plum-blossom needle tapping on all the tumors,and after the stop of bleeding topically treated with imiquimod 5％ cream at the same dose as the imiquimod group once a day.All the mice were treated for 30 days.Morphological changes of tumors in all groups were photographed and recorded every day.The tumor size was measured once every three days,and changes of total tumor volume and survival rate of the mice were compared among the 4 groups.At the end of treatment,tunor tissues were resected,and histopathological changes were compared among the 4 groups.Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the mRNA expression of interferon-α (IFN-α),IFN-β,interleukin-1β (IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-o) and IL-12 in tumor tissues.Results In the combination group,tumors on the back of mice grew slowly,and some even regressed.However,tumors grew fast in the control group,plum-blossom needle group and imiquimod group,and grew more slowly in the plum-blossom needle group and imiquimod group than in the control group.Before the treatment,there was no significant difference in the total tumor volume among the 4 groups (F =0.90,P ＞ 0.05).After 24-day treatment,the total tumor volume significantly differed among the 4 groups (F =5.16,P ＜ 0.05).The LSD-t test showed that the total tumor volume significantly decreased in the combination group compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.01),but no significant difference was observed among the other groups (P ＞ 0.05).Log-rank test revealed that survival curves significantly differed among the 4 groups (x2 =8.32,P ＜ 0.05).The survival rate was significantly higher in the combination group than in the control group (x2 =4.62,P =0.03),but did not differ between the plum-blossom needle group or imiquimod group and the control group or combination group (all P ＞ 0.05).Histopathological examination showed atypical cells arranged closely,a large number of tumor cells and some keratin pearls in the control group and plumblossom needle group,few dead tumor cells in the imiquimod group,and plenty of dead tumor cells,mild nuclear atypia and increased keratinization in the combination group.qRT-PCR revealed that the relative mRNA expression levels of IFN-α,IFN-β,IL-12,IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly higher in the combination group than those in the control group,plum-blossom needle group and imiquimod group (P ＜ 0.05).The imiquimod group showed significantly higher mRNA expression of IL-1β than the control group (P ＜ 0.01),but no significant differences were observed among the other groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Plum-blossom needle tapping can effectively enhance the anti-SCC activity and immunological effects of imiquimod in SKH-1 mice.

Analysis of clinical and genetic features of nine patients with disseminated superfacial actinic porokeratosis / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical and genetic features of 9 ethnic Han Chinese patients with disseminated superfacial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples collected from the patients. PCR and direct sequencing were carried out for five patients from a family, 4 sporadic cases, and 120 healthy controls to identify potential mutations of four genes (MVK, MVD, PMVK, FDPS) involved in the mevalonate pathway as well as SLC17A9, SSH1, and SART3 genes. Pathogenecity of suspected mutations were assessed with SIFT, and Polyphen-2 scores.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A c.746T>C mutation was identified in the family and two sporadic cases, while a c.875A>G mutation was identified in another sporadic case. No mutation was identified in the remainder genes among all patients. Scoring has suggested that the c.746T>C and c.875A>G mutations of the MVD gene are probably pathogenic.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>c.746 T>C and c.875A>G of the MVD gene are most common mutations. Skin rashes of the patients have a strong connection with the sunlight, albeit a significant difference among patients was discovered.</p>

Analysis of ATP2A2 gene mutations in a pedigree and a sporadic case with Darier disease / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect mutations of ATP2A2 gene in a pedigree and a sporadic case with Darier disease (DD) and explore the underlying molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of the pedigree and the sporadic case were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of four members from the pedigree (including three patients and one healthy member), the sporadic case and 100 healthy controls. PCR was performed to amplify all coding exons of the ATP2A2 gene. And the products were directly sequenced to detect mutations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A missense mutation c.1484C>T (p.S495L) in exon 12 was detected in all patients of the pedigree. For the sporadic case, a novel splicing mutation c.325-2A>G was detected at the junction between intron 4 and exon 5. The same mutations were not found in the 100 healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutations of the ATP2A2 gene may lead to the occurrence of DD in both familial and sporadic cases with DD.</p>

Mutation analysis of FLG gene in 10 Chinese families with ichthyosis vulgaris / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect FLG gene mutations in 10 families affected with ichthyosis vulgaris and to explore mutational hot spot of the FLG gene in Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PCR and direct sequencing were carried out to identify potential mutations of the FLG gene in above families. One hundred healthy individuals were analyzed as normal controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three mutations (3321delA, 5757delCCAG and S2706X) were identified in 7 families. A homozygous mutation 3321delA was also detected in two unrelated patients. No mutations were found in the remaining three families. Neither of the null mutations (5757delCCAG and S2706X) was found in the 100 controls. However, for 3321delA, a heterozygous mutation was also found in two of the controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three FLG mutations have been identified in the selected families with ichthyosis vulgaris, and the 3321delA mutation was most prevalent (46.9%). Mutations 5757delCCAG and S2706X were first found in patients with ichthyosis vulgaris. Other candidate genes may underlie the disease in those without a FLG mutation.</p>

An incontinentia pigmenti family with deletion in both NEMO gene and pseudogene DeltaNEMO / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the genomic deletion mutation in the NEMO gene of a family with incontinentia pigmenti (IP; MIM 308310).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A pedigree of IP was investigated. By using long PCR, the Delta4-10 deletion in NEMO gene was tested with specific primers In2/JF3R, and Delta4-10 deletion in pseudogene DeltaNEMO was investigated with primers Rev-2/JF3R. NEMO gene of 80 normal controls was also tested.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The deletion of exons 4-10 in both NEMO gene and the pseudogene DeltaNEMO was detected in all the patients in the family, but was not found in the normal individuals in this IP family and 80 unrelated controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The study showed that the family with IP, which showed anticipation, was caused by NEMODelta4-10 deletion in the NEMO gene. Long PCR analysis is proven to be an efficient tool for identification of NEMO rearrangements. It could provide useful information for the genetic counseling of the family involved.</p>

A Preliminary Investigation of Rifampin liposome in Treatment of Tuberculosis in Mice / 医学研究杂志

Objective To explore the effect of rifampin liposome in treatment of tuberculosis in mice.Methods Sixty KM mice were infected by H37Rv to prepare tuberculosis model.Rifampin liposome was prepared by thin film dispersing method.Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups(15 mice each):group of normal control,empty liposome control,rifampin(10mg/kg body weight/day) and rifampin liposome(7mg/kg body weight/day).Rifampin and rifampin liposome were put into drinking water,respectively.Mice were sacrificed after one month of oral treatment to analysize the difference of lung weight and to homogenize lung,spleen,liver tissues to test bacteria burden(cfu).Results Lung weight was significantly different in rifampin and rifampin liposome groups when compared with normal control,empty liposome control groups respectively(P0.05) in two drug groups.Things were the same when compared bacteria cfu in lung,spleen and liver tissue.Conclusion Rifampin liposome may become a promising preparation in the treatment of tuberculosis which make it possible to reduce the clinical dose and thus weaken side effects of rifampin.

Application of Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Phage Splitting Assay / 医学研究杂志

Objective To establish phage splitting method for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and explore its application in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods Two hundred and fifteen sputum specimens were tested by L-J medium culture method,fluorescent microscopy method and phage splitting method concurrently.Results Comparing with L-J medium method,the sensitivity and specificity of phage splitting method were 71.0%,97.9%,respectively,however for routine microscopic method,the sensitivity and specificity were 55.7% and 91.2%.Conclusion With very high specificity and comparatively better sensitivity,phage splitting method can rapidly detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can be used in the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Change of 8 iso PGF2a in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its significance / 中国实用内科杂志

Objective To investigate the role of 8 iso PGF2a in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Level of serum 8 iso PGF2a and lung function were studied in 38 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD(AECOPD),23 patients with stable COPD and 18 health subjects.Results The serum 8 iso PGF2a level was significantly higher in patients with AECOPD[(6.84?1.70)?g/L]as compared to those in the controls[(4.64?1.24)?g/L]and in patients with stable COPD[(5.82?1.72)?g/L](P

Research on insomnia therapeutic instrument with brain electricity stimulation / 医疗卫生装备

Processed by the MATLAB-based wavelet analysis,normal EEG signal is used as stimulating source to stimulate brain at proper points for insomnia treatment.This paper explains the design principle of the instrument as well as the hardware structure and the software implementation.